2016年12月8日，海军在北京举行中国收复西南沙群岛70周年纪念活动。
时任收复行动指挥官林遵海军上校的长女林华卿发言。
关于纪念收复西南沙群岛七十周年的讲话
林华卿
时任收复行动指挥官林遵之女
各位领导、各位前辈、朋友们：
抗战胜利后，中国收复西沙和南沙群岛，对于维护中国主权完整是一个具有重大历史意义的行动。七十年前我的父亲林遵有幸奉命组建了收复西南沙群岛的“前进舰队”，并作为指挥官带队收复了西沙和南沙群岛。我作为林遵的长女，能参加这个大会并在此发言深感荣幸。
我们林家可以说是海军世家，我父亲的曾叔祖父，也就是我的太叔祖父是林则徐，我祖父林朝曦也曾供职清朝北洋水师和民国海军。我的父亲出生于1905年，受家庭的熏陶，他从小就立志报效祖国。青年时期他就读于烟台海校和马尾海校，后毕业于英国朴茨茅斯海军学校和皇家海军学院，还曾被派往德国学习潜艇。1939年回国后请命担任了海军布雷游击总队第五大队大队长，在长江江面上和日寇展开了水雷战。1945年8月出任国民政府驻美国大使馆海军副武官，不久后接任中国海军驻美接舰部队的指挥官，接收美援的8艘军舰，编队穿越加勒比海，横渡太平洋，于1946年7月回到祖国。同年年底带领“前进舰队”收复了西沙和南沙群岛。1949年在百万雄师过大江之际他率领国民党海防第二舰队起义，被毛主席和朱总司令盛赞为南京江面上的壮举。解放后他曾先后担任华东海军第一副司令、军事学院海军系主任、海军学院副院长、东海舰队副司令。他还是第一届到第五届全国人民代表大会代表和第一届政协全国委员会委员；一、二、三届国防委员会委员。1955年被授予少将军衔，获一级解放勋章。1979年他在上海病逝，去世前，还把我们姐妹叫到床前，让我们和他一块唱“歌唱祖国”。这就是我的父亲，他具有中国海军军人的良好素质，一生追求光明，热爱祖国；他是一个职业军人，一个革命军人，一个共产党员，给我们留下了许多怀念和许多思考。
南沙群岛、西沙群岛、中沙群岛、东沙群岛自古就是我国的固有领土，是我国人民世世代代辛勤劳作的地方，西沙群岛，中国古名七洲洋，千里长沙，至今留下以明朝皇帝年号命名的永乐群岛和宣德群岛的名称；南沙群岛，中国古名万里石塘，又曾名团沙群岛，其中有以郑和名字命名的郑和群礁，以郑和随行人员名字命名的景弘岛、尹庆群礁、费信岛和马欢岛。早在中国清朝乾隆年间出版的《海国闻见录》就已经将南沙群岛和西沙群岛明明白白地列入中国版图，并且得到了国际上各国的公认和记载，这是不争的事实。
日本侵略者在第二次世界大战中占领了我南海诸岛。1945年随着盟军的不断胜利，日军逐步从侵占的西南沙群岛岛礁上撤走，二战胜利后，法国重返远东，其军舰多次侵入我国西南沙群岛海域，菲律宾外交部还公然声称应将南沙群岛划入菲律宾国防范围。中国政府在抗战胜利后，即开始筹划并准备收复事宜，我父亲率领的美援军舰回国后，在抗战中拼尽血本的中国海军才恢复了收复南海诸岛的能力。1946年7月下旬，国民政府决定由广东省政府负责接收南海诸岛。8月下旬，行政院又训令内政、外交、国防等部协助广东省政府从速接收西沙和南沙群岛。各部多次召开了联席会议研究，决定具体分工细节。10月，海军总司令部从美国支援中国海军的军舰中挑选护航驱逐舰“太平”号、反潜巡逻舰“永兴”号以及坦克登陆舰“中业”号、“中建”号组成“前进舰队”，任命我父亲为指挥官，当时海军总司令部第二署的上校科长姚汝钰为副指挥官，进驻南沙群岛和西沙群岛。我父亲不愿意参加当时已经爆发的内战，而且为能够捍卫国家主权而尽海军军人的责任，欣然受命。
1946年10月29日，“前进舰队”在长江口集结，编队南下。11月2日舰队驶至虎门。11月3日，我父亲和姚汝钰，带领参谋林焕章、张君然、“太平”号舰长麦士尧、“永兴”号舰长刘宜敏、“中业”号舰长李敦谦、“中建”号舰长张连瑞乘炮艇至广州，会见了张发奎、罗卓英等广东方面的军政首脑，迎接由广东省政府委派的接收南沙群岛专员、省政府顾问麦蕴瑜，接收西沙群岛专员、省政府委员萧次尹为首的广东省政府各机关的代表以及专业考察人员、测量人员登舰，一道前往西沙群岛和南沙群岛。11月6日 “前进舰队”从虎门启航，9日抵达海南岛榆林港。由于对南海的气象、水文条件还不熟悉和掌握，航线图也不明确，通讯设备条件尚欠缺，我父亲他们做了大量的准备工作，按照计划购置了一批适应珊瑚礁航行的渔用木船，雇请了数十名熟悉西沙和南沙群岛的渔工；并向当地的渔老大请教在南海航行的经验，得到了他们用于南沙捕捞作业至为珍贵的《更路簿》，并以此为参考，验证和修改了预先拟订的航线和航行计划。
由于东北季风和大雨，天气成了出航的最大障碍。军情紧迫，为争取尽快进驻南沙群岛和西沙群岛，我父亲和姚汝钰决定：“前进舰队”分为两个分舰队，由我父亲率领“太平”号、“中业”号组成南沙群岛分舰队；由姚汝钰率领“永兴”号、“中建”号组成西沙群岛分舰队。
11月27日西沙群岛分舰队启航，28日凌晨驶抵西沙群岛东部的林岛，12月3日，中央各部的代表、广东省政府接收官员和驻岛人员，为收复西沙群岛纪念碑揭幕，并以“永兴”号舰名重新命名林岛为永兴岛。4日，分舰队还巡视了西沙群岛西部的永乐群岛等，并命名半路岛为中建岛。12月5日西沙群岛分舰队顺利返回榆林港。
当时我父亲率领的南沙群岛分舰队已经两次出航，都迫于风浪不得不返回。他承受着极大的压力，组织何炳材等主要负责规划航线的人员，重新制订了出航计划。12月9日，我父亲带领南沙分舰队再次驶出榆林港，先向越南海岸方向航行，避开强大的海流和大涌大浪的阻碍，然后适时地转向西沙群岛，再直插南沙群岛。历经三天艰难航行，12日分舰队终于抵达了南沙群岛的黄山马峙。我父亲率官兵和政府官员，列队举行接收南沙群岛、纪念碑揭幕和升国旗典礼，以“太平”号舰名重新命名黄山马峙为太平岛，并对海岛防御做了部署。12月15日，分舰队巡视了南沙诸岛，以“中业”号舰名重新命名铁峙为中业岛。
1946年12月25日 “前进舰队”四舰凯旋广州。1947年元旦，舰队在“太平”号军舰的后甲板举行了收复南沙、西沙群岛记者招待会，我父亲代表舰队向中外记者和社会各界人士详细介绍中国政府行使主权，中国海军进驻南沙群岛、西沙群岛的经过；并宣布海军已经完成西南沙群岛的防御部署，设立了气象台和无线电通讯台；广东省政府已委任了专员，对南沙群岛和西沙群岛实施有效的行政管理。记者招待会上还展览了收复南沙群岛、西沙群岛的照片以及此行收集到的中国文物和西南沙群岛的诸多物产。特别是永兴岛上的海南岛渔民为在岛上去世的人修建的一百零八兄弟孤魂庙、太平岛等岛上的土地庙和我国渔民挖掘的水井的照片，有力地证明中国人早已在西沙群岛、南沙群岛生活和劳动。中国收复南海诸岛，郑重地向全世界重申了中国拥有南海诸岛主权，捍卫了领土主权完整，维护了国家民族尊严，我为此深感骄傲和自豪！
烟波浩淼的南中国海潮起潮落，承载了太多近代中国饱受帝国主义列强欺凌和宰割的耻辱，也见证了当代中华民族自立于世界民族之林的光辉历程。西沙和南沙群岛是南中国海上的明珠，长期以来一直受到帝国主义和图谋不轨者的觊觎，现在我们的祖国已经不再弱小，绝不能容忍他们的阴谋得逞！今年11月11日，在纪念孙中山先生诞辰150周年大会上，习近平主席在讲话中坚定重申：“维护国家主权和领土完整，绝不容忍国家分裂的历史悲剧重演，是我们对历史和人民的庄严承诺。一切分裂国家的活动都必将遭到全体中国人民坚决反对，我们绝不允许任何人、任何组织、任何政党、在任何时候、以任何形式、把任何一块中国领土从中国分裂出去！”况且中国收复南海诸岛也是第二次世界大战反法西斯阵营的胜利成果之一，作为反法西斯阵营的主要盟国，我国捍卫南海诸岛主权，就是捍卫二战的胜利成果，也是对维护第二次世界大战后的国际秩序负责。
我作为海军世家的后代，作为军工战线上的一名战士，更应该像我的父辈和祖辈一样，义无反顾地为捍卫我们国家领土和主权的完整贡献自己的力量，为认识海洋、利用海洋、保卫海洋做更多的工作。愿每一个中国人都将祖国放在心头，愿我们的祖国更加强大，更加繁荣昌盛！
以此纪念收复西沙和南沙群岛七十周年。我的讲话结束了，谢谢大家。
Address on the 70th Anniversary of ChineseRecovery of Xisha and Nansha Islands
Lin Huaqing
daughter of Captain Lin Zun, then commanderof the recovering operation
Leaders, Mr. Li Jingsen and Friends,
China recovered and resumed exercise ofsovereignty over Xisha and Nansha Islands after the victory of the War ofResistance Against Japanese Aggression, which was a historically significantevent for safeguarding China’s sovereignty and integrity. 70 years ago, myfather, Lin Zun, was authorized to organize the Advance Fleet and commanded therecovery operation of Xisha and Nansha Islands。
My family is of long naval tradition, andthe brother of my great-grandfather was Lin Zexu. My grandfather Lin Zhaoxiserved in both Beiyang Fleet of Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China Navy. Myfather Lin Zun was born in 1905. Influenced by family, he was resolved to servethe motherland in his childhood. As a young man, he studied at Yantai NavalSchool and Mawei Naval School. Graduated from Portsmouth Naval School and RoyalNaval College in the UK, he was sent to Germany to receive training ofsubmarine. After returning China in 1939, he was appointed as the commander ofthe 5th Mine-laying Group of Navy, and fought against Japanese invaders on theYangtze River. In August 1945, he became deputy naval attaché in embassy ofRepublic of China in USA. Soon after this, he was appointed the commander ofShip-receiving Fleet of Chinese navy to accept 8 ships aided by USA. The fleetsailed across the Caribbean Sea and the Pacific Ocean, arriving in China inJuly 1946. At the end of 1946, he commanded the Advance Fleet to recover Xishaand Nansha Islands. In 1949, in the time of the People’s Liberation Armycrossing over the Yangtze River, Lin Zun led the uprising of the 2nd Fleet ofCoast Defense, which was praised by Chairman Mao Zedong and commander-in-chiefZhu De as a heroic deed in the Yangtze River in Nanjing. After Liberation, heworked as: the 1st deputy commander of the East Sea Fleet , chief of NavalDepartment of Military College, deputy chief of Naval College, deputy commanderof the East Sea Fleet, representative of National People’s Congress (1st~5th)， member ofthe 1st CPPCC National Committee, and member National Defense Commission(1st~3th). He was awarded rear admiral and the First Class Medal for Liberationin 1955. He passed away in Shanghai in 1979. My father was a professionalofficer, a revolutionary soldier, and a communist member, leaving us a lot tomiss and to reflect。
Nansha, Xisha, Zhongsha and Dongsha Islandshave been China’s inherent territories since ancient times, where Chinesepeople have been working hard for generations. Xisha Islands was once named asQizhouyang (Sea of Seven Isles)， Qianlichangsha (a thousand-li of sand cays) in ancient times, andthe names of Yongle and Xuande are still used today for some of Islands, whichwere the reign titles of two emperors of the Ming Dynasty; Nansha Islands, witha Chinese ancient name of Wanlishitang (ten thousand-lis rocky reefs)， also oncenamed as Tuansha Islands, among which are Zhenghe Islands named after Zheng He,Jinghong Island, Yinqing Islands, Feixin Island and Mahuan Island named afterZheng He’s followers. Early in the reign of Qianlong in Qing Dynasty, there wasa publication named Haiguo Wenjian Lu (The Sealand Travel Logue)， havingclearly included Nansha and Xisha Islands into the Chinese territories, andhaving been acknowledged and recorded by the world. All these above areindisputable facts。
Japanese army invaded China’s NanshaIslands in WWII. With the victory of the allies toward the end of WWII,Japanese gradually retreated from Xisha and Nansha Islands. After the victoryof the WWII, the French troops returned to the Far East and its ships invadedthe waters in Xisha and Nansha Islands. The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of thePhilippine government publicly stated the Nansha Islands should be includedinto its national defense coverage. Soon after the victory of Anti-JapaneseWar, Chinese government planned and prepared for the recovery affairs. As myfarther returned to China with US-assisted ships, the Chinese Navy that hadsuffered a heavy cost in the Anti-Japanese War regained the ability for therecovery operation. In late July 1946, the Kuomintang government decided thatGuangdong Province be responsible for recovering the South China Sea Islands.In late August, State Department directed that the Interior Ministry, theForeign Affairs Ministry, the Defense Ministry should assist Government ofGuangdong Province to recover Nansha and Xisha Islands as soon as possible.These ministries above held several joint meetings to discuss and decide thedetailed plan of the operation. In October, the Naval Headquarter selectedescort destroyer Taiping, antisubmarine patrol ship Yongxing, and LSTs Zhongye,Zhongjian from the ships aided by US to form the Advance Fleet, and assigned myfather as the commander of the fleet, and Captain Yao Ruyu as the deputycommander, who was the section chief in the 2nd department of the NavalHeadquarter. The task was to land and garrison Nansha and Xisha Islands. Myfather was unwilling to take part in the Civil War, and he would rather fulfillresponsibility as a naval officer to defend the national sovereignty throughthe recovery operation, so he was pleased to accept the mission。
On 29th October 1946, the Advance Fleetrendezvoused in the entrance of Yangtze River, and then sailed down to thesouth in formations, and arrived at Humen on the 2nd November. My father andYao Ruyu, accompanied by staff officer Lin Huanzhang, Zhang Junran; commanderof Ship Taiping, Mai Shiyao; commander of Ship Yongxing, Liu Yiming; commanderof LST Zhongye, Li Dunqian; commander of LST Zhongjian, Zhang Lianrui, arrivedin Guanzhou by a gunboat, and met with the Guangdong military and politicalleaders, Zhang Fakui and Luo Zhuoying. Representatives of various organs ofGuangdong Province Government and professional personnel for inspection andmeasurement, headed by commissioners for recovering operation, Mai Yunyu andXiao Ciyin, also boarded the ships. On the 6th November, the Advance Fleetdeparted from Humen and arrived at Yulin Port, Hainan on the 9th。
Being neither familiar with nor masteringthe South China Sea’s meteorological and hydrological conditions, my father andhis staff made a lot of preparations. They purchased a number of wooden boatssuitable for sailing between coral islands, and hired dozens of fishermen whowere familiar with Xisha and Nansha Islands, and consulted local fishermen fornavigation in the South China Sea. They got Geng Lu Bu, the most preciousnavigation manual for fishing operations in Nansha. With reference of thismanual, they validated and corrected the course and navigation plan draftedbeforehand。
The northeast monsoon and heavy rain becamethe biggest obstacle to voyage on the sea. The situation was urgent, in orderto land and garrison Xisha and Nansha Islands as soon as possible, my fatherand Yao Ruyu decided that the Advance Fleet was divided into two flotillas, onewas Nansha Islands Flotilla, led by my father, composed of two ships, Taipingand Zhongye; the other was Xisha Islands Flotilla, led by Yao Ruyu, composed oftwo ships, Yongxing and Zhongjian。
On the 27th November, Xisha IslandsFlotilla departed, and arrived at Lindao in the east of Xisha Islands in theearly morning on the 28th. On the 3rd December, representatives from variousdepartments of the central government, officials responsible for recovery andgarrison personnel unveiled a monument for recovering Xisha Islands, andrenamed Lindao as Yongxing Island after the name of antisubmarine patrol shipYongxing. On 4th the flotilla also made an inspection on Yongle Islands ofXisha, and renamed Banlu Island as Zhongjian Island. On 5th December, theFlotilla smoothly returned to Yulin port。
At that time, the Nansha Islands Flotillaled by my father had already set out on sail twice, but had to return due tobad weather. Under great pressure, he reset the navigation plan, together withHe Bingcai and other staff who were responsible for planning course. On 9thDecember, the Nansha Islands Flotilla departed from Yulin port again. Theysailed toward Vietnam coast first, avoiding obstacles of strong sea currencyand big surges, then turned to Xisha Islands at the appropriate moment, andwent straight to Nansha Islands. After 3 days of hard cruise, the flotillareached Huangshanmasi of Nansha Islands on the 12th December. My father ledofficers, soldiers and governmental officials, lined up and held ceremony ofrecovering Nansha Islands. They unveiled a monument, raised the national flag,and renamed Huangshanmasi as Taiping Island after the name of the escortdestroyer Taiping, and made deployment about the islands defense. On the 15thDecember, the flotilla inspected the Nansha Islands, renamed Tiesi as ZhongyeIsland after the name of the LST Zhongye。
On 25th December 1946, the four ships ofthe Advance Fleet returned Guangzhou in triumph. On 1st January 1947, the fleetheld a press conference of Recovery of Xisha and Nansha Islands on the reardeck of Taiping. My father introduced in detail how Chinese governmentexercised sovereignty and Chinese navy landed and garrisoned Xisha and NanshaIslands to Chinese and foreign journalists as well as people from all walks oflife. He declared that Chinese navy had already finished the deployment ofdefense on Xisha and Nansha Islands, had set up meteorological observatory andradio stations. The Government of Guangdong Province had already appointedcommissioner to make effective management of the Xisha and Nansha Islands.There was also an exhibition of photographs about recovering Xisha and NanshaIslands, the collection of Chinese cultural relics, and local products from theXisha and Nansha Island. Especially the photographs of Guhunmiao established byHainan fishermen for 108 Chinese people died on Yongxing Island, photographs ofTudimiao on Taiping Island and other islands, and of the wells dug by Chinesefishermen. All of these photographs strongly proved that Chinese people hadalready lived and labored on the Xisha and Nansha Islands. China’s recovery ofthe South China Sea Islands solemnly reaffirmed to the world that China hadsovereignty over the South China Sea Islands, defended the territorialsovereignty and integrity, and safeguarded national dignity. I am really proudof it。
The South China Sea is so vast, and itstides ebb and flow, carrying too much shame from imperialist powers bullyingand oppression in modern history of China, also witnessing the glorious courseof today China’s national independence and development in the world. Xisha andNansha islands are the jewelry on the South China Sea, which has long beencoveted by imperialism powers and conspiratorial countries. Today ourmotherland is not weak any more, and we will never let their conspiracyprevail. On 11th November 2016, on the Commemoration of 150th Anniversary ofthe Birth of Sun Zhongshan, President Xi Jinping strongly reiterated，“it is oursolemn commitment to history and people that we should defend our nation’ssovereignty and the territorial integrity, and we will never tolerate thehistorical tragedy of country’s separation happening again. Any attempt toseparate our country will be strongly opposed by all Chinese people. We willnever allow any one, any organization, any party to divide any piece of China’sterritory in any way at any time!” China’s recovery of the South China SeaIslands is one of the fruits of the antifascist camp in WWII. As the majorpower in the antifascist frontline, defending sovereignty over the South ChinaSea Islands is the defense of WWII victory, and also the responsibility tosafeguard the international order after WWII。
As a descendant of a naval family, and as apractitioner in defense industry enterprises, I will contribute my own strengthto defend our nation’s territory and sovereignty integrity without anyhesitation. I wish each Chinese will put motherland in heart, wish ourmotherland become stronger, more prosperous!
This address is to commemorate the 70thAnniversary of Chinese Recovery of Xisha and Nansha Islands. That is the end ofmy speech. Thank all of you!
（转自凤凰军事2016年12月24日）